Apparent Viscosity of Polyanionic Cellulose Procedure (Lude Chem)
1.Apparent Viscosity (Va) of PAC
1. Prepare 40 g/l NaCl solution
2. Weigh 40 g of dried NaCl salt and place it in a 1000 ml volumetric flask containing 500 ml of distilled water.
3. Shake until dissolved, add distilled water to the 1 liter mark and shake well.
4. Let stand for 2 hours at 25±5°C.
5. Filter through filter paper or cotton.
6. Put in 350 ml beaker of NaCl solution, stir with Multimixer
7. Add 35 ± 0.01 g KCl, stir 3 mins
8. Add 5 ± 0.01 g for PAC-LV and PAC-R or 3 ± 0.01 g for PAC-HV (add very slowly to avoid clumping)
9. Stir for 5 minutes with the Multimixer, Scrape off the chemical on the side of the cup into the solution, stir for another 15 minutes.
10. Cover tightly, let stand for 16 hours at 25 ± 5°C
11. Stir again for 5 minutes with the Multimixer before measuring
12. Measure V600 on Fann 35SA.
The Apparent viscosity of the PAC solution is calculated by the formula: 
